The Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensor operates on the principle of photoconductivity. This means its electrical conductivity (and therefore its resistance) changes in response to light exposure. When light shines on the LDR, photons excite electrons in the semiconductor material, causing them to jump to a higher energy level and become free to carry current, reducing the resistance. The brighter the light, the more electrons are excited, and the lower the resistance becomes.
An LDR (Light Dependent Resistor), also known as a photoresistor, has two legs. These legs are used to connect the LDR into a circuit, allowing it to detect changes in light intensity and modulate the circuit’s behavior based on the detected light levels. The LDR’s resistance varies inversely with the amount of light it receives; it has high resistance in the dark and low resistance when exposed to light.
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